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Texas Retirement Income Guide

Social Security, pension, IRA distributions, capital gains, rental income — how Texas treats every dollar and what it means for your retirement budget

The Simple Answer

Texas has no state income tax. Zero. On every source of retirement income. No exceptions, no phase-outs, no income thresholds above which the exemption phases out. Every dollar you receive — from every source — is not taxed at the state level in Texas. This section exists to confirm that every specific income type you are wondering about is included in “all income”.

Income SourceTexas State TaxNotes
Social Security benefits$0 — fully exemptNo means testing, no income threshold — 100% exempt
Traditional IRA distributions$0 — fully exemptFederal ordinary income tax still applies
401(k) and 403(b) distributions$0 — fully exemptFederal ordinary income tax still applies
Roth IRA distributions$0 — fully exemptAlso federally exempt if rules met
Pension / defined benefit$0 — fully exemptPrivate, state, federal, or military pension — all exempt
Military retirement pay$0 — fully exemptNo partial exemption — 100% exempt
Long-term capital gains$0 — fully exemptFederal tax still applies (0%, 15%, or 20%)
Rental income$0 — fully exemptFederal ordinary income tax still applies
Annuity income$0 — fully exemptFederal treatment varies by annuity type
Interest and dividends$0 — fully exemptFederal tax still applies

What You Still Owe Federally

Eliminating Texas state income tax does not affect your federal tax obligation. IRA distributions, pension income, and capital gains are still subject to federal tax. Social Security may be partially taxable at the federal level depending on your combined income. The Texas advantage is the state layer only — but for residents of NJ (up to 10.75% state rate), IL (4.95%), NY (up to 10.9%), or CA (up to 13.3%), the state layer is substantial.

The practical effect: a Texas retiree with $150,000 in annual retirement income keeps $6,000–$15,000 more per year in after-tax income than an identical retiree in a high-tax state. Over 20 years, that compounds to $120,000–$300,000 in cumulative additional income available for spending, investment, or gifting.

Federal vs State Tax — A Quick Reference

Income TypeFederal Tax?Texas State Tax?
Social Security (up to 85%)Yes — partial (up to 85% of SS taxable at federal)No
IRA / 401(k) withdrawalsYes — ordinary income ratesNo
Long-term capital gainsYes — 0%, 15%, or 20% depending on incomeNo
Pension incomeYes — ordinary income ratesNo

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